A night parrot photographed by Steve Murphy in Queensland. Supplied: Steve Murphy
Marty McCarthy, Night parrot feather discovery proves Australia’s most elusive bird is alive in South Australia, ABC News, 14 September 2017
A feather found in a finch nest is all the proof scientists need to prove the elusive night parrot exists around Lake Eyre in South Australia — an area where the ground-dwelling bird has not been seen in 170 years.
The parrot is nocturnal and extremely elusive, meaning researchers across Australia struggle to map its whereabouts.
Some of the first night parrot specimens were taken from northern South Australia in 1845, but since then there has been no hard proof the bird still lived there.
However in July this year, ecologists John Young and Keith Bellchambers from the Australian Wildlife Conservancy (AWC), found a feather from the parrot on Kalamurina Station, around northern Lake Eyre.
“The significance of what we just found is way beyond what I could have imagined,” Mr Young said.
“When I did come across the feather it was a mind-blowing experience, I started shaking uncontrollably.”
The AWC sent the feather to the Western Australian Museum for confirmation it was that of a night parrot.
Scientist Shane Parker reportedly sighted four night parrots at Lake Perigundi in South Australia in 1979, but no photos were taken.
In recent years the night parrot has been confirmed living in Queensland and Western Australia, and spotted north of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory.
However, researchers did not initially think to search the area around Lake Eyre, because the night parrot’s best known habitat, spinifex, doesn’t grow there.
A camera trap on the property, which is owned by AWC, first captured a faint and pixelated photo of the bird at night in 2016.
“Even though it was blurred and in a really odd pixelated state, and taken at 9:30 at night, its shape and posture just leapt out at me, and I knew what it was,” Mr Young said.
Mr Young then remembered historical reports of the bird living in samphire, a native succulent, which he knew did grow in the area.
He returned to an area with a helicopter, scouring more than 600 kilometres of area from the air for eight hours, looking for suitable examples of samphire habitat.
When he landed, he began checking for nests belonging to wedge-tailed eagles, which is where zebra finch often make their nests, and they often use feathers to do it.
“I caught this little green olive coloured thing in the corner of my eye in the corner of the [finch] nest, and when I realised what it was I fell to pieces,” Mr Young said. I could have landed anywhere in that place, we could have looked in 10,000 places and it would have never have happened, I have no idea how it bloody happened.”
Atticus Fleming, AWC’s chief executive, said the location of the find was significant.
“The key thing we have learnt is that the bird is not just in spinifex but in the samphire habitat, and what this means is its range is a lot further then we previously thought,” he said.
“The more we learn about this bird, the easier it is to identify where it is hiding, and when we know that we are in a better position to protect this rare bird.”
Discovery gives hope for future
The discovery that the bird resides in samphire has also given researchers renewed hope that night parrot populations will not be at risk of fire.
“Samphire is not affected by fire, so we have a population of parrots that doesn’t face one of its biggest threats, which is fire,” Mr Fleming said.
“So we need to continue to protect that habitat from feral herbivores, and also get better at removing feral cats, which is still another challenge.”